The arrival of European powers in the 16th century and subsequent American rule at the turn of the 20th century marked a transformative, often disruptive, period in the history of the Philippines. While the narrative of Philippine history often focuses on the experience of the lowland Christianized population, the profound impact on the indigenous communities…
In the rich tapestry of pre-colonial Philippine societies, long before the arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 and the subsequent Spanish era, social structures were intricate and well-defined. These societies, typically organized into autonomous political units known as Barangay, were not monolithic, exhibiting regional variations in language, customs, and even social stratification. However, a common…
The rich history of Filipino theatre reflects a fascinating blend of tradition and innovation. Rooted in ancient performance practices, it has evolved significantly under American cultural influence. This transformation highlights the adaptability of Filipino art forms and their ability to absorb new ideas while preserving their essence. From traditional komedya and zarzuela to modern adaptations,…